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Potential Health Risks of the Çakmak Village Thermal Spring (Turkey, Kars) for Grazing Animals: Characterization of Bacterial Communities and Water Quality  
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Orhan Ulucay
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Özet
Thermal springs can harbor a variety of thermophilic bacteria and pose chemical risks, particularly in areas with inadequate environmental control. In this study, microbial diversity and chemical contamination were simultaneously investigated in a thermal water source in Çakmak Village, Kars Province. Grazing animals have direct access to untreated water. Key thermophilic bacteria were identified using a combination of morphological, biochemical and molecular techniques. Chemical analyses revealed ammonium (2.96 mg/L), nitrate (61.017 mg/L), iron (0.55 mg/L), and lead (1.81 mg/L) levels that were well above the World Health Organization's drinking water limits. Statistical and sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these findings. The presence of heavy metal-resistant bacteria indicates that the microbes have adapted. This is the first study in the region to address microbial and chemical risks in ...
Anahtar Kelimeler
Makale Türü Özgün Makale
Makale Alt Türü SSCI, AHCI, SCI, SCI-Exp dergilerinde yayımlanan tam makale
Dergi Adı Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
Dergi ISSN 2213-3437 Wos Dergi Scopus Dergi
Dergi Tarandığı Indeksler SCOPUS
Dergi Grubu Q1
Makale Dili İngilizce
Basım Tarihi 07-2025
Cilt No 13
Sayı 5
Sayfalar 118059 / 0
Doi Numarası 10.1016/j.jece.2025.118059
Makale Linki https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213343725027551